The Arctic has reemerged as a significant policy issue, in part due to the region’s abundant energy and mineral resources. As climate change makes the Arctic more accessible, new potential maritime routes promise to reduce shipping times and costs and accelerate ties between major commercial centers. However, the increased activity suggests that the region is likely to become the subject of intensive negotiations and possible confrontation. Brookings experts examine the challenges and opportunities the region presents, discussing the environmental, political, economic and humanitarian issues that may arise.