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War in Israel and Gaza

Critical analysis and commentary on the wide-ranging ramifications of Hamas’s October 7, 2023 attack against Israel and ongoing conflict. For media inquiries, contact [email protected]

Latest research and commentary

Gaza’s day after: Reconstruction and governance challenges
Israeli construction machineries operate inside Gaza, as seen from Israel's side of the border with Gaza, in southern Israel, April 23, 2025.
Democracy, Conflict, & Governance Gaza’s day after: Reconstruction and governance challenges

Omar Shaban

April 24, 2025

Fewer than 1 in 5 Americans back US takeover of Gaza
U.S. President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu meet at the White House in Washington, U.S., February 4, 2025.
Public Opinion Fewer than 1 in 5 Americans back US takeover of Gaza

Shibley Telhami

March 26, 2025

Trump’s proposal to “take over” Gaza would put Americans at risk of prosecution
U.S. President Donald Trump speaks at a press conference with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (not pictured) in the East Room of the White House in Washington, DC where he said that the he wants the U.S. to take an ‘ownership position’ of Gaza, 04 February 2025.
Defense & Security Trump’s proposal to “take over” Gaza would put Americans at risk of prosecution

Kelebogile Zvobgo

February 27, 2025

ICC sanctions will hurt, not help, the United States
The entrance of the International Criminal Court (ICC) is seen in The Hague March 3, 2011.
U.S. Foreign Policy ICC sanctions will hurt, not help, the United States

Kelebogile Zvobgo

February 12, 2025


Our experts in the news

New York Times May 6, 2025

Closing this [diplomatic channel to the Palestinian Authority] will further diminish the credibility and thus the ability of U.S. diplomats to engage the Palestinian people just at the..."

Read the article
Hady Amr, Nonresident Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, The Brookings Institution
Hady Amr
Nonresident Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for Middle East Policy @HadyAmr
New York Times June 5, 2024

It is wrong to see this [cease-fire] proposal as more than a stopgap. Most important, this plan doesn’t answer the fundamental question of who rules Gaza after the conflict. This is a..."

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Natan Sachs
Natan Sachs
Former Brookings Expert @natansachs
New York Times May 23, 2024

Israelis have been living and reliving the horrors of [the October 7 attack] — but also with an eye toward the possibility that it could one day be repeated. That fear is a key driver..."

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Natan Sachs
Natan Sachs
Former Brookings Expert @natansachs
New York Times May 23, 2024

The recognition of a Palestinian state is purely symbolic and changes nothing. If they sent 30,000 European troops to Gaza to end the war, it would be different, but we know that if 10..."

Read the article
Itamar Rabinovich
Itamar Rabinovich
Distinguished Fellow - Foreign Policy
Plain English April 30, 2024

As protests spread around the world, Natan Sachs joins The Ringer’s “Plain English” podcast to discuss what is currently going on in the conflict between Israel and Hamas.

Listen to the podcast
Natan Sachs
Natan Sachs
Former Brookings Expert @natansachs
NPR April 21, 2024

On NPR’s “All Things Considered,” Suzanne Maloney breaks down the long history between Israel and Iran.

Listen to the interview
Suzanne Maloney
Vice President and Director - Foreign Policy @MaloneySuzanne
New York Times April 16, 2024

Biden deserves big credit … [But] we’re still on the edge because the circumstances are extraordinary and the crisis could escalate any day.

Read the article
Natan Sachs
Natan Sachs
Former Brookings Expert @natansachs
New York Times April 16, 2024

[Netanyahu has an interest in prolonging the dispute with Tehran] both as a distraction from the horrors of Gaza and as a way of changing the subject to an issue where he is more likely..."

Read the article
Shibley Telhami
Nonresident Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for Middle East Policy @ShibleyTelhami
The Washington Post April 15, 2024

There’s an awful lot of this Israeli government that wants a conflict with Iran, that sees this as their chance to perhaps get rid of the Iranian nuclear program or to get the United..."

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Bruce Riedel
Nonresident Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for Middle East Policy
Politico April 15, 2024

He’s proven, once again, his bona fides in standing by Israel, and for many Israelis his leadership contrasts with the lack of leadership from Netanyahu. Politically speaking, this..."

Read the article
Natan Sachs
Natan Sachs
Former Brookings Expert @natansachs

In-depth Q&As

Gaza ceasefire: What the Israel-Hamas agreement means
Supporters and family members of hostages kidnapped during the deadly October 7, 2023, attack on Israel by Hamas, hold lit up torches during a protest ahead of a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, in Tel Aviv, Israel, January 16, 2025.
Crisis & Conflict Management Gaza ceasefire: What the Israel-Hamas agreement means

Natan Sachs, Kevin Huggard

January 17, 2025

Making sense of a proposed US-Saudi deal
U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken meets Saudi Arabia's Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al-Saud, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia March 20, 2024.
Diplomacy & Multilateralism Making sense of a proposed US-Saudi deal

Andrew Leber, Kevin Huggard

July 10, 2024

The Gaza Strip’s deepening humanitarian crisis
Trucks carrying aid line up near the Rafah border crossing between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, in Rafah, Egypt, February 1, 2024. REUTERS/Mohamed Abd El Ghany
The Palestinian Territories The Gaza Strip’s deepening humanitarian crisis

Tania Hary, Kevin Huggard

February 22, 2024

What is Russia’s role in the Israel-Gaza crisis?
Russian President Vladimir Putin chairs a meeting of his Security Council and the government and the heads of law enforcement agencies on the situation in the Middle East and on ensuring law and order in Russia, at the Novo-Ogaryovo state residence outside Moscow, Russia October 30, 2023. Sputnik/Gavriil Grigorov/Pool via REUTERS
Russia What is Russia’s role in the Israel-Gaza crisis?

Fiona Hill, Kevin Huggard

January 31, 2024

How the Houthis joined the Israel-Gaza crisis
Iran-backed Houthi rebels take part in a demonstration against the USA and Israel, amid growing tensions between the USA and the Houthis following the latter's several operations in the Red Sea.
Yemen How the Houthis joined the Israel-Gaza crisis

Allison Minor, Kevin Huggard

January 31, 2024

How Iraq is managing the Israel-Gaza crisis
A shopping mall is illuminated with the Palestinian flag in solidarity with Palestinians in Gaza, in Baghdad, Iraq October 7, 2023.
Iraq How Iraq is managing the Israel-Gaza crisis

Marsin Alshamary, Kevin Huggard

December 21, 2023

France responds to the Israel-Gaza crisis
A joint press conference of French President Emmanuel Macron and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Jerusalem on Oct 24, 2023. Macron's visit comes after European Union foreign ministers on Monday (October 23) struggled to agree on a call for a humanitarian pause in the war between Israel and Hamas to allow much more aid to reach civilians. EYEPRESS via Reuters Connect
France France responds to the Israel-Gaza crisis

Tara Varma, Kevin Huggard

December 15, 2023

Understanding Turkey’s response to the Israel-Gaza crisis
Palestinian schoolboys hold a poster depicting Turkey's Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan during a rally at Gaza Seaport calling on Erdoğan to visit the Gaza Strip. September 13, 2011. REUTERS/Ismail Zaydah
Turkey Understanding Turkey’s response to the Israel-Gaza crisis

Aslı Aydıntaşbaş, Kevin Huggard

December 7, 2023

On Hezbollah, Lebanon, and the risk of escalation
A Hezbollah member puts a Palestinian flag atop of a replica of the Dome of the Rock as people gather to commemorate the annual Hezbollah Martyrs' Day and to express solidarity with the Palestinians in Gaza amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas, in Sidon, Lebanon, November 10, 2023.
Crisis & Conflict Management On Hezbollah, Lebanon, and the risk of escalation

Jeffrey Feltman, Kevin Huggard

November 17, 2023

Featured experts

Natan Sachs
Natan Sachs Former Brookings Expert

Shibley Telhami Nonresident Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for Middle East Policy

Jeffrey Feltman John C. Whitehead Visiting Fellow in International Diplomacy - Foreign Policy, Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology

Suzanne Maloney Vice President and Director - Foreign Policy

Bruce Riedel Nonresident Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for Middle East Policy

Valerie Wirtschafter
Valerie Wirtschafter Fellow - Foreign Policy, Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technology Initiative
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