The U.S. Nuclear Weapons Cost Study Project was completed in August 1998 and resulted in the book Atomic Audit: The Costs and Consequences of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Since 1940 edited by Stephen I. Schwartz. These project pages should be considered historical.


The short-range Lacrosse ballistic missile shown at White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico, on May 9, 1957.

The short-range Lacrosse ballistic missile shown at White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico, on May 9, 1957.

Nearly 1,200 Lacrosse missiles were produced and deployed between 1959 and 1964, at a cost of more than $2 billion (excluding the cost of the nuclear warhead). The missile’s nuclear warhead—the W40—had a yield of either 1.7 or 10 kilotons and was designed by Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Credit: U.S. Army