The U.S. Nuclear Weapons Cost Study Project was completed in August 1998 and resulted in the book Atomic Audit: The Costs and Consequences of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Since 1940 edited by Stephen I. Schwartz. These project pages should be considered historical.


Here a defueled Pershing rocket motor stage is crushed at the Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant in Karnack, Texas, September 8, 1988.As a result of the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces or INF Treaty, all Pershing II missiles (minus their W85 nuclear warheads) were retired and destroyed. Here a defueled Pershing rocket motor stage is crushed at the Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant in Karnack, Texas, September 8, 1988. This was the first of more than 200 Pershing IIs destroyed under the treaty.

Credit: U.S. Army/U.S. Air Force (courtesy Natural Resources Defense Council)