Ariana Rowberry argues that, though the U.S. program “Atoms for Peace”, started by President Eisenhower, provided Iran with a 5 megawatt test reactor in 1967, it is not at fault for Iran’s civil or military nuclear aspirations. Tehran also received help from Pakistan, China and Russia, including centrifuges, uranium enrichment tools and nuclear fuel, to advance its program. Ultimately, writes Rowberry, Iran must adhere to its safeguards obligations.