-
Tue, 20 May 2008 00:00:00 GMT
For many people in the West, Islam is increasingly associated with violence and terrorism. Religious orthodoxy is often believed to promote violence and intolerance but Michael Kremer has found that an experience like the hajj pilgrimage can actually lead to a greater tolerance toward others and an increased desire in peace.
-
Wed, 07 Feb 2007 00:00:00 GMT
Opinion paper by Michael Kremer and Seema Jayachandran, washingtonpost.com, February 7, 2007
-
Thu, 01 Feb 2007 00:00:00 GMT
Top Ten Global Economic Challenges Report by Global Economy and Development (February 2007)
-
Sat, 01 Jul 2006 00:00:00 GMT
Paper by Michael Kremer
-
Thu, 01 Jun 2006 00:00:00 GMT
Why is There No AIDS Vaccine paper
-
Wed, 01 Mar 2006 00:00:00 GMT
This paper critically reviews the existing research on the cost-effective prevention and treatment of diarrheal diseases, and identifies research priorities in this area aimed at finding ways to reduce the diarrheal disease burden. In contrast to the empirical knowledge base that exists for traditional child health programs to reduce diarrheal morbidity and mortality, evidence on the relative effectiveness and costeffectiveness of various environmental health interventions is limited and subject to significant methodological concerns. There is a limited understanding of the determinants of long-term water and sanitation technology adoption and behavior change at the individual level. Even less is known about how collective action problems in water and sanitation infrastructure maintenance can be overcome. An agenda for future research includes evaluating alternative transmission interruption mechanisms, improving understanding of the determinants of individual-level technology adoption in the water and sanitation sector, and assessing the quality of infrastructure maintenance under different management schemes.
-
Wed, 01 Mar 2006 00:00:00 GMT
We use a randomized evaluation of a deworming program in Kenya to examine peer effects in technology adoption and to shed light on foreign aid donors' movement towards helping communities sustainably provide local public goods. Deworming is a public good, since much of the social benefit of worm treatment comes through reduced disease transmission. People were less likely to take deworming drugs if their direct first-order social contacts or indirect secondorder contacts were randomly exposed to deworming. Several efforts to replace subsidies with sustainable worm control measures were ineffective: a drug cost-recovery program reduced takeup by 80%; health education did not affect behavior, and a mobilization intervention designed to boost drug take-up failed. At least in this context, it appears unrealistic for donors to think that a one-time intervention can lead to the sustainable voluntary provision of local public goods.
-
Wed, 01 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT
We report results from a randomized evaluation comparing three school-based HIV/AIDS interventions in Kenya: 1) training teachers in the Kenyan Government's HIV/AIDS-education curriculum; 2) encouraging students to debate the role of condoms and write essays on how they can protect themselves against HIV/AIDS; and 3) reducing the cost of education. Our primary measure of the effectiveness of these interventions is teenage childbearing, which is associated with unprotected sex. We also collected measures of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding HIV/AIDS. After two years, teacher training increased students' tolerance toward people with HIV/AIDS. Girls exposed to the program were more likely to be married to the fathers of their children. The program had little other impact on students' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, or on the incidence of teen childbearing. The condom debates and essays increased practical knowledge and self-reported use of condoms without increasing self-reported sexual activity. Reducing the cost of education by paying for school uniforms reduced dropout rates, teen marriage, and childbearing.
-
Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT
Since World War II, integration with the world economy has arguably been the chief route from poverty to wealth. Japan initially exported cheap goods and later moved on to more technologically sophisticated products. When Japan became rich, Korea, Taiwan Province of China, Hong Kong SAR, and Singapore replaced Japan as low wage exporters, and when these countries moved on to more sophisticated products, Thailand and Malaysia filled their niche. More recently, China has become an important exporter of manufactured goods and India is increasingly moving into services exports.
-
Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT
Article by Michael Kremer and Alix Peterson Zwane, World Development (January 2005)
-
Tue, 01 Nov 2005 00:00:00 GMT
Although there has been tremendous progress in expanding school enrollments and increasing years of schooling in recent decades, 113 million children of primary-school age are still not enrolled in school (UNDP, 2003).
-
Wed, 05 Oct 2005 00:00:00 GMT
The authors examine a new form of immigration that is becoming widespread in countries that have become prosperous recently, from Saudi Arabia to Hong Kong to Greece. In this new type of immigration, foreigners, women in particular, are employed as private household workers either on temporary visas or under the table.
-
Sat, 01 Oct 2005 00:00:00 GMT
We report results from a randomized evaluation of a merit scholarship program for adolescent girls in Kenya, and discuss their implications for understanding educational production and for the policy debate surrounding merit awards. Girls who scored well on academic exams had their school fees paid and received a large cash grant. Girls eligible for the scholarship showed substantial gains in exam scores and gains persisted in the years following the competition. Both student and teacher school attendance increased in the program schools. Our results suggest not only that study effort is responsive to incentives but also that there are positive externalities: boys, who were ineligible for the award, also experienced exam gains, as did girls with low pretest scores (who were very unlikely to win). These large externalities address some of the equity concerns raised by critics of merit awards, and provide further rationale for public education subsidies.
-
Sun, 01 May 2005 00:00:00 GMT
New commercial investment in researcn and development for vaccines would complement funding of research and development by public and charitable bodies, accelerating the development of vital new vaccines for the developing world.
-
Fri, 01 Apr 2005 00:00:00 GMT
Paper by Joshua Angrist, Eric Bettinger, and Michael Kremer (April 2005)
-
Fri, 01 Apr 2005 00:00:00 GMT
Paper by Michael Kremer and Seema Jayachandran (April 2005)
-
Thu, 08 May 2003 00:00:00 GMT
Opinion by Michael Kremer and Seema Jayachandran, Financial Times, (05/08/03)
-
Sat, 01 Mar 2003 00:00:00 GMT
When the international community wants to put pressure on a government that suppresses democracy and human rights, it commonly imposes economic sanctions. Traditional sanctions, however, are often either ineffective or inhumane. This article suggests
-
Fri, 30 Aug 2002 00:00:00 GMT
Opinion by Michael Kremer, Senior Fellow in Economic Studies and Governance Studies, the Brookings Institution and Seema Jayachandran, graduate student in Economics, Harvard University, in Africa News
-
Mon, 19 Aug 2002 00:00:00 GMT
Opinion by Michael Kremer, Senior Fellow, Governance Studies, the Brookings Institution, and Seema Jayachandran, graduate student in economics at Harvard University, in the Guardian, August 19, 2002
-
Mon, 01 Jul 2002 00:00:00 GMT
Policy Brief #103, by Michael Kremer and Seema Jayachandran (July 2002)
-
Fri, 01 Jun 2001 00:00:00 GMT
Opinion by Michael Kremer, Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution, and Rachel Glennerster, in The New York Times, June 1, 2001
-
Tue, 01 May 2001 00:00:00 GMT
Policy Brief #57, by Rachel Glennerster and Michael Kremer (May 2000)
-
Wed, 05 May 1999 00:00:00 GMT
A Cure for Indifference, Jeffrey Sachs and Michael Kremer Opinion Piece: Economic Studies: Brookings Institution
-
Tue, 01 Dec 1998 00:00:00 GMT
Policy Brief #40, by Michael Kremer (December 1998)