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• Protecting Putin's Protection Racket

  Wed, 11 Nov 2009 00:00:00 GMT

  
  When Putin took power in 2000, he established a protection deal among powerful business owners. Clifford Gaddy and Barry Ickes discuss the intricacies of this arrangement and what message a recent suit against one of the country’s leading business newspapers is meant to send.

• Russia's Economic Policy at a Crossroads

  Wed, 18 Feb 2009 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Russia expert Clifford Gaddy discusses a range of Russian economic and political issues in an interview with Bloomberg’s Tom Keene. From U.S.-Russia relations to Russia’s current economic challenges and the Russian perspective, Gaddy offers insight into Russia’s policies.

• Russia's Economic Meltdown: Consequences and Prospects for the Future

  Wed, 28 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Moscow faces the prospect of serious turmoil as protests in response to the financial crisis spread throughout Russia. What underlying policies beyond the global financial crisis gave rise to the current problem and how well is the Putin administration weathering the storm? At a recent event by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Clifford Gaddy and Barry Ickes discussed the main issues.

• The Russia-Ukraine Natural Gas Battle

  Wed, 07 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Following a dispute between Russia and Ukraine, Gazprom halted natural gas shipments through Ukraine, prompting shortages across Europe and growing calls of alarm. In an interview on the Diane Rehm Show, Clifford Gaddy discusses the essence of this dispute and the risks for Russia’s reputation.

• Putin's Third Way

  Tue, 06 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT

  
  With the rise in oil prices and a conservative fiscal policy, Russia turned from a debtor nation into an economic powerhouse. Putin’s strategy created a compromise between the excesses of the free market and the inefficiencies of a command economy. Yet there remain deep cracks in the foundation of the post-Soviet structure. In a recent article in The National Interest, Clifford Gaddy and Barry Ickes discuss whether or not his Putinomics can survive the financial crisis.

• Top 10 Global Economic Challenges Facing America's 44th President

  Fri, 10 Oct 2008 00:00:00 GMT

  
  As President-Elect Obama prepares to lead the United States, what are the top global economic challenges facing the new president and his advisors and how should the new administration address them? A new report by Brookings global economic and development experts ranks the top 10 issues and details specific ideas for how to tackle the toughest challenges.

• Russia's Stock Market Fall: It's All About Oil

  Tue, 16 Sep 2008 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Cliff Gaddy explores the widely held idea that Russia's recent invasion of Georgia was a primary cause for the Russian stock market to plummet. Instead, Gaddy believes the global decline in oil prices—now nearly 30% off highs in July—is a more likely reason.

• How Not To Punish Moscow

  Sat, 23 Aug 2008 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Cliff Gaddy discusses the politics of managing the situation between Russia and Georgia, advising that using economics as a tool poses risks on a global scale.

• Russia's Addiction : The Political Economy of Resource Dependence

  Tue, 01 Jul 2008 12:00:00 GMT

  Through alternating periods of boom and bust, Russia’s fortunes and the legacies of its leaders have been dependent on the fluctuating value of its oil and natural gas.

• NATO: Membership and Identity in a Post-Cold War World

  Mon, 31 Mar 2008 00:00:00 GMT

  
  This week, Romania is hosting the twentieth NATO summit. Brookings Russia specialist Clifford Gaddy discusses the direction and relevance of NATO in a post-Cold War world.

• Putin’s Plan: The Future of "Russia Inc."

  Fri, 29 Feb 2008 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Dmitri Medvedev—Vladimir Putin’s hand-picked successor—won Russia's recent presidential election. Clifford Gaddy, senior fellow and a Russia expert at Brookings, examines the future for Russia by analyzing “Putin’s Plan” for continuity of policy and what it means for international and domestic relations, and the economy.

• Russia's Virtual Economy

  Mon, 11 Feb 2008 00:00:00 GMT

  
  The virtual economy was the system of informal rent-distribution that arose in post-Soviet Russia in the 1990s as nonviable Soviet-era manufacturing industries sought to protect themselves from the discipline of the market.  The article discusses the system’s historical roots, describes some of its characteristic phenomena, and outlines a model for behavior of enterprises.

• Russia Resurgent: The Once and Future Superpower

  Thu, 07 Feb 2008 00:00:00 GMT

  Fueled by rising revenues from its vast oil reserves, Russia is experiencing a sudden comeback from its economic and political collapse just sixteen years ago. This program will consider what Russia’s re-emergence as a global force could mean for the already diminishing constraints of arms control and for a renewed power struggle between Russia and the U.S. in an increasingly multi-polar world. Brookings Scholar Clifford Gaddy speaks about Russia, past and present.

• Russian Election Results and U.S.-Russia Relations

  Mon, 03 Dec 2007 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Brookings Senior Fellow Clifford Gaddy joins Diane Rehm and guests for analysis of the parliamentary election results in Russia and what they mean for the future of democracy there.

• Issues in the U.S.-Russia Economic Relationship

  Wed, 17 Oct 2007 00:00:00 GMT

  In this congressional testimony, Cliff Gaddy examined what is at stake in the U.S.-Russian economic relationship—specifically the business climate in Russia—arguing that "the truly important part of the Russian economy that matters for the outside world, including the United States, is oil and gas."

• An Impossible Trinity?: Resources, Space, and People

  Sun, 01 Apr 2007 00:00:00 GMT

  Article by Clifford Gaddy (4/14/07)

• Top Ten Global Economic Challenges: An Assessment of Global Risks and Priorities

  Thu, 01 Feb 2007 00:00:00 GMT

  Top Ten Global Economic Challenges Report by Global Economy and Development (February 2007)

• The Russian Economy in the Year 2006

  Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT

  Clifford Gaddy article from Post-Soviet Affairs number 1, 2007

• As Russia Looks East: Can It Manage Resources, Space and People?

  Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT

  Clifford Gaddy article from Gaiko Forum, January 2007

• Siberians Struggling in Post-Soviet Era

  Thu, 28 Sep 2006 00:00:00 GMT

  An interview by Clifford Gaddy on NPR (9/28/2006)

• Kremlin Keeps Tight Hold on Natural Gas Profits

  Tue, 10 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT

  Interview with Clifford G. Gaddy, NPR (1/10/06)

• Resource Rents and the Russian Economy

  Tue, 01 Nov 2005 00:00:00 GMT

  Article by Clifford G. Gaddy and Barry W. Ickes, Eurasion Geography and Economics (November 2005)

• The Virtual Economy Revisited: Resource Rents and the Russian Economy

  Thu, 20 Oct 2005 00:00:00 GMT

  Speech by Clifford G. Gaddy and Barry W. Ickes, Renaissance Capital Speech (October 20, 2005)
  
  Our 1998 article entitled "Russia's Virtual Economy" described the economic system of the 1990s. At the heart of the virtual economy thesis were two basic questions: (1) Where is value in the Russian economy created? and (2) How is that value distributed?

• Demythologizing the Russian Flat Tax

  Mon, 14 Mar 2005 00:00:00 GMT

  Article by Clifford G. Gaddy and William G. Gale, Tax Notes International (3/14/05)

• Perspectives on the Potential of Russian Oil

  Thu, 01 Jul 2004 00:00:00 GMT

  Article by Clifford G. Gaddy, Eurasian Geography and Economics (July 2004)

• Well Being and Unemployment in Russia in the 1990's: Can Society's Suffering Be Individuals' Solace?

  Thu, 01 Apr 2004 00:00:00 GMT

  CSED Working Paper No. 35

• Doubling GDP and the Illusion of Growth

  Wed, 12 Nov 2003 00:00:00 GMT

  Opinion by Clifford Gaddy and Fiona Hill, The Moscow Times (11/12/03)

• The Siberian Curse : How Communist Planners Left Russia Out in the Cold

  Tue, 04 Nov 2003 00:00:00 GMT

  
  

  &Hill and Gaddy frame the problems of Siberia more clearly, and offer policy recommendations which are more concrete and coherent, than any previous analyses of Siberia from Russian or foreign sources of which I am aware.&—Robert Cottrell, New

• The Siberian Curse: Does Russia's Geography Doom its Chances for Market Reform?

  Mon, 01 Sep 2003 00:00:00 GMT

  In particular, a huge portion of modern Russia?cities, factories, and people?is lost in the distance and cold of Siberia. Until Russia?s leaders come to terms with Siberia?s misdevelopment?and overdevelopment?during the 20th century, their efforts to

• Is Putin Running Out of Steam?

  Thu, 29 May 2003 00:00:00 GMT

  Opinion by Clifford G. Gaddy, The Brookings Institution (5/29/03)

• Russia's Economic Future

  Wed, 30 Oct 2002 00:00:00 GMT

  Interview with Clifford Gaddy, Fellow, the Brookings Institution, with Washington ProFile News Service, October 30, 2002

• Russia Sleeping with the Iraqi Enemy

  Fri, 23 Aug 2002 00:00:00 GMT

  Interview with Clifford Gaddy, Senior Fellow, the Brookings Institution, with CNN Money Morning, August 23, 2002

• Russia's Virtual Economy

  Wed, 31 Jul 2002 00:00:00 GMT

  
  Clifford Gaddy's and Barry Ickes' thesis—that Russia's economy is based on illusion or pretense about nearly every important economic yardstick, including prices, sales, wages and budgets—has forced broad recognition of the inadequacies of the intend

• Putin's Agenda, America's Choice: Russia's Search for Strategic Stability

  Wed, 01 May 2002 00:00:00 GMT

  Policy Brief #99, by Clifford Gaddy and Fiona Hill (May 2002)

• The Higher Police: Vladimir Putin and His Predecessors

  Mon, 01 Apr 2002 00:00:00 GMT

  Article by Laurent Murawiec, and Clifford Gaddy, Fellow, the Brookings Institution, in The National Interest, Spring 2002

• Why Argentina '02 Is Not Russia '98

  Tue, 12 Feb 2002 00:00:00 GMT

  Opinion by Clifford Gaddy, Fellow, and Carol Graham, Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution, in the Globalist, February 12, 2002

• Bush Administration Must Ease Up on Russia

  Tue, 08 May 2001 00:00:00 GMT

  Opinion by Clifford Gaddy, Fellow, and Michael O'Hanlon, Senior Fellow, the Brookings Institution, in The Baltimore Sun, May 8, 2001

• The Virtual Economy and Economic Recovery in Russia

  Tue, 01 May 2001 00:00:00 GMT

  Article by Clifford G. Gaddy, Fellow, the Brookings Institution, in Transitions, May 2001

• Getting Realistic About Russia: No Time for Illusions

  Wed, 01 Dec 1999 00:00:00 GMT

  Brookings Review article by Clifford G. Gaddy and Barry Ickes (Winter 1999)

• The Russian Economy: What Is It and Where Is It Headed?

  Sun, 15 Aug 1999 00:00:00 GMT

  Paper by Clifford Gaddy, delivered at the Aspen Institute Congressional Program (August 15-21, 1999)

• Hearings on U.S.-Russian Relations

  Thu, 16 Jul 1998 00:00:00 GMT

  Testimony by Clifford G. Gaddy on U.S.-Russian Relations before the Committee on International Relations, U.S. House of Representatives, on July 16, 1998.

• Beyond a Bailout: Time to Face Reality About Russia's "Virtual Economy"

  Mon, 01 Jun 1998 00:00:00 GMT

  Article by Clifford G. Gaddy, Fellow, The Brookings Institution, June, 1998

• The Price of the Past : Russia's Struggle with the Legacy of a Militarized Economy

  Wed, 26 Jun 1996 00:00:00 GMT

  
  In this book, Clifford Gaddy uncovers the enduring costs of militarization in the Soviet Union, tracking its overall effect on Soviet society, its connection with market reform, and the consequences of militarization and demilitarization.

• United States Security Interests in the Post-Cold War World

  Thu, 13 Jun 1996 00:00:00 GMT

  Testimony by Clifford Gaddy to the House Committee on National Security (6/13/96)

• No Turning Back: Market Reform and Defense Industry in Russia: Who's adjusting to whom?

  Sat, 01 Jun 1996 00:00:00 GMT

  Brookings Review, Summer 1996