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At least nine nations are believed to have nuclear weapons – the United States, Russia, England, France, China, Pakistan, India, North Korea and Israel. Other nations may have nuclear weapons or are working towards them, most notably Iran. At the height of the Cold War in 1985, there were believed to be 65,000 nuclear weapons in the world. As a result of the Non-Proliferation Treaty and unilateral decisions by some countries, this number has been reduced to about 20,000.
U.S. President Barack Obama talks with Iranian President Hassan Rouhani during a phone call in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington (REUTERS/Pete Souza/The White House/Handout).
Opinion
15-Minute Phone Call Cause for Hope in U.S.-Iran Relations
October 2, 2013, Bessma Momani
Bessma Momani discusses the phone call between U.S. President Barack Obama and Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, which she says represents a remarkable opportunity to end long-standing hostility.
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Testimony | House Committee on Foreign Affairs
March 21, 2012, Steven Pifer
Testimony | Senate Armed Services Committee
July 27, 2010, Steven Pifer
Testimony | House Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs
December 15, 2009, Suzanne Maloney
Testimony | Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
July 30, 2009, Suzanne Maloney
July 22, 2009, Suzanne Maloney
Testimony | House Subcommittees on Asia, the Pacific and the Global Environment and on Terrorism, Nonproliferation and Trade
June 17, 2009, Richard C. Bush III
February 25, 2009, Steven Pifer
Testimony | Commission on the Prevention of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation and Terrorism
June 13, 2008, Daniel L. Byman
Testimony | Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs
June 12, 2008, Stephen P. Cohen
Testimony | Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs
April 24, 2008, Peter W. Rodman
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Bruce Riedel
Director, The Intelligence Project
Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Saban Center for Middle East Policy, Center for 21st Century Security and Intelligence
Stephen P. Cohen
Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Center for 21st Century Security and Intelligence
James E. Goodby
Nonresident Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies
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