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Research and Commentary
Ivo H. Daalder, The Brookings Institution, Fall 2003
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Selected by "Choice Magazine" as an Outstanding Academic Title for 2004
Policymakers will need all the tools at their disposal to craft an effective response to international terrorism and to protect and promote other U.S. interests in the coming decades. In this quest to shape the right strategies for the challenges ahead, economic instruments will play a central role.
O'Sullivan, an expert on the use of positive and negative tools of economic statecraft, argues that in the post-September 11th international climate, the United States will be even more willing to use its economic power to advance its foreign policy goals than it has in the past. This impulse, she argues, can lead to a more effective foreign policy given the many ways in which sanctions and incentives can forcefully advance U.S. interests. But a recalibration of these tools—sanctions in particular—is necessary in order for them to live up to their potential. Critical to such a reassessment is a thorough understanding of how the post-cold war international environment—globalization and American primacy in particular—has influenced how sanctions work. O'Sullivan addresses this issue in a thorough examination of sanctions-dominated policies in place against Iran, Iraq, Libya, and Sudan. Her findings not only highlight the many ways in which sanctions have often been poorly suited to achieve their goals in the past, but also suggest how policymakers might use these tools to better effect in the future.
This book will provide a valuable resource for policymakers groping to find the right set of instruments to address both the old and the new challenges facing the United States. It will also serve as an important resource to those interested in U.S. policy toward 'rogue' states and in the status of the sanctions debate between policymakers and scholars.
Selected Reviews
"Quite simply, this is the best book on economic sanctions and American foreign policy that I have ever read. Shrewd Sanctions is a model of how to blend scholarly analysis with policy-relevant research."
David A. Baldwin,
Columbia University, 1/1/2003
"Meghan O'Sullivan offers new thinking about using sanctions and other economic tools to address our most serious foreign policy challenges. This well-written book offers thoughtful analysis and pragmatic prescriptions-and, ultimately, a better understanding of how the United States can use its economic power in the pursuit of its national security interests in the post-9/11 era."
General Brent Scowcroft,
former U.S. national security adviser, 1/1/2003
"Shrewd Sanctions is an authoritative look at how sanctions work as a tool of U.S. foreign policy. In evaluating the record of sanctions on Iran, Iraq, Libya and Sudan, Meghan O'Sullivan offers important, practical recommendations for how American policymakers should deal with state sponsors of terrorism."
Lee H. Hamilton,
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 1/1/2003
"Shrewd Sanctions offers fresh insight into the sanctions debate, looking beyond general arguments over whether sanctions do or don't "work" to how and when sanctions policies can be crafted to deliver results. Of particular relevance is O'Sullivan's examination of sanctions in the context of pressing foreign policy challenges: terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. Her analysis and recommendations will be invaluable to policymakers and stakeholders engaged with this important issue."
Samuel R. Berger,
former U.S. national security adviser, 1/1/2003