Expertise
Security communities; U.S.-Russian cooperation; strategic nuclear arms control; nuclear materials security and nuclear warhead dismantlement; proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; military confidence-building measures; Northeast Asia security issues
Background
Current Positions
Research Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University
Past Positions
Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus, Carnegie Mellon University; former Frank E. and Arthur W. Payne Distinguished Lecturer, Institute for International Studies, Stanford University and Research Professor, Georgetown University; U.S. foreign service officer, rank of career minister (retired);served as U.S. Ambassador to Finland; former ambassador, principal negotiator, and special representative of President Clinton for Nuclear Security and Dismantlement; former chief negotiator for cooperative threat reduction agreements (Nunn-Lugar program); former vice chair, U.S. delegation to U.S.-Russian strategic arms reduction talks; former head, U.S. delegation to conference on disarmament in Europe; former member, Secretary of State's policy planning staff; former deputy assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs and for Political-Military Affairs
Awards
Presidential Distinguished Service Award; Superior and Distinguished Honor Awards, Department of State; Commander’s Cross of the Order of Merit of Germany; Distinguished Fellow, U.S. Institute of Peace; Heinz Award in Public Policy
Education
A.B., Harvard University, 1951